Writing machine.



. UNITED {STATES PATENT our- CHARLES LEE COOK, OE LOUISVILLE, KENTUCKY.

mmmlL-connu'srlou Em a son and State of Kentucky, have invented certain Improvements in Internal-Combustion Engines, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description;

The object of the invention is to provide new and improved means for cooling internal combustion engines.

The invention consists of novel features and parts and combinations of the same, which will be more fully described hereinafter and then pointed out in the claims.

A practical embodiment of the invention is represented in the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification, in which similar characters of reference indicate the corresponding parts in all the views.

Figure 1 is a vertical section of a single action explosion engine fitted with my invention; Fig. 2 is a detail sectional view; and Fig. 3 is a vertical section'of a double action explosion engine fitted with my invention.

My invention consists of a hollow helical member 1, around the cylinder, leading into the outer exhaust passage 5 at one end of the cylinder and open to the outer air atthe other end of the cylinder. The memberl preferably enters the outer exhaust passage 5 obliquely toward its outer-end. The exhaust passes through the inner exhaust passage 3, through the valve 4, and along the outer exhaust passage 5 over the opening of the member 1. The movement of the exhaust through the passage 5 acts as a siphon to draw part of the air out of the member 1, reduce the pressure therein, and set up a flow of air around the cylinder to conduct the heat therefrom. The siphon action is improved by the shield 6 across the opening from the member 1, creating a jetyall of which is certain to pass the opening from the member 1. a H

In order that the air passing through the hollow member 1 may not become too hot cylinder.

In order to get the air at the hot- Specification of Letters Patent. Patented June 25, 1912. v Application filed September 17, 1910. Serial No. 582,510.

' test end ofthe cylinder, the helical member 1 may be arranged to. take in air at the ex-' ploslon end of the cylinder and-the passage 5 extended to thel opposite end to create the I siphon there. To facilitate further 'the maintenance of the coolness of thecolumn of air in the member 1 and to effect a maximum conduction of'heat from the cylinder direct to the outer air, I preferito construct it of a highly conductive material like copper, and to make it triangular in crosssection, with the altitude ofthe triangle greater than the base, so as to give a large radiating surface exposed to the air.- To maintain a close bearing surfacebe' tween the member 1 and the surface of the I cylinder, I prefer to make the inside helical diameter of the member 1 less than the outer diameter of the cylinder, so that the member 1 is sprung upon the cylinder and held against it by the spring tension of the expanded helix.

In a double action explosion engine (Fig. 3), I employ two hollow helical members 1, open to the outer air at theends of the cylinder respectively, and connected respectively with the-exhaust passages 5 at the center of the cylinder. Thus two' alternate movements of air are effected from the hotends to the center by the siphon influence of the exhaust. The openings 2 may likewise be provided in each member 1 near the siphon.

It is evident that my invention can be varied without departing from its spirit, and I do not limit myself in a y way further than is indicated in the ci aims which follow.

I claim:

1. Means for cooling the cylinder of a double-action gas engine, comprising exhaust passages at 1 opposite ends thereof, conductors leading from said exhaust passages to the central portion of the cylinder,

and helical passages surrounding the cylin der and leading from the ends thereof to said central portion thereof and adapted to H. s. FREW & F. P, SEXTONQ WRITING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED NOVJ'I, 1908.

1,036,807, Patented June 25, 1912.

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H. s. BREW & F. P. SEX TON.

WRITING MACHINE. APPLIOATI'QN FILED NOV. 27, 190B.

PatentedJune 25, 1912;

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I-IUIBERT S. FREW AND FREDERICK I. SEXTON, OF MONTREAL, QUEBEC, CANADA.

WRITING-MACHINE.

' new and useful Improvements in Writing- Machines, of which the following is a full,

clear, and exact description.

Our invention relates to improvements in writing machlnes and the object is to provide a simple and eflicient device for simultaneously making a plurality of exact duplicates of a signature or other manually written matter.

The device consists of a base to which is fixed a pair of supporting posts carrying an axially pivoted shaft. Hinge posts are fixed to the extremities of the shaft and support a pair of pivoted latticed arms having a further pair of similar arms pivoted to their outer extremities. The arms of each pair are maintained parallel by means of connecting members, the outer ends of said members being slotted to receive a plurality of adjustable pen holders. A curved arm is adjustablysecured to the slotted bar and supports the master pen holder. A pair of levers are fixed to the pivoted shaft and at their outer extremities are adjustably connected to balance springs whereby the weight of the extended arms is balanced.

In the drawings which illustrate our invention:-Figure 1 is a plan view of the device. Fig. 2 is a front elevation thereof. Fig. 3 is a partial vertical sectional view on the line 89 of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is an enlarged partial sectional view of the central pivot point. Fig. 5 is a front view of one of the pen holders. Fig. 6 is a side view of the same. Fig. 7 is a side view of the master pen attachment, showing the setting needle in position.

In the above defined figures, 1O designates a base substantially of the form shown. A pair of posts 11 are secured thereto by nuts 12 located in recesses 13 in the bottom of the base. The posts are prevented from turning by pins 14 passing through the base and into the posts. A shaft 15 is axially pivoted between the upper extremities of the posts by adjustably pointed pivot screws 16. A hinge post 17 is fixed to each extremity of the shaft 15 perpendicular thereto by taper pins 18. The axis of the hinge posts are offset from the axis of the shaft, as seen in Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed November 27, 1908.

Patented June 25, 1912. Serial No. 464,588.

Figs. 1,2 and 3. The hinge posts are preferably made of aluminum and are therefore provided at each end with a hardened bushing 19, preferably steel, having a conical seat or recess 20 therein. A pair of latticed arms 21 are provided, having extending end lugs 22 adapted to embrace the hinge posts and be secured thereto by pointed pivot screws 23 engaging the seats 20 of the post bushings. The outer ends of the arms 21 are provided with lugs 24-, similar to the lugs 22. A second pair of arms 25 are provided similar to the first pair in general design but smaller and lighter. The inner end lugs 26 of the outer arms are provided with hardened bushings 27 pressed thereinto and having pivot seats above and below, as seen in Fig. 1. The outer end lugs 28 are provided with pivot screws 29 similar to.

the other pivot screws. A latticed connecting member 30 extends from the front to the back of the machine. The extremities of this member 30* are provided with lugs 31 having pivot screws 32 therein which engage the bushings in the outer arms on the opposite side from the pivot screws 33 of the inner arms, as seen in Fig. 4, whereby the outer arms are pivoted between the inner arms and the connecting member 30.

A pen bar 34, substantially L-shaped in cross-section, is provided with end lugs 35 having hardened bushings, (not shown) similar to the bushings 27, pressed thereinto. The pivot screws 29 engage these bushings, thereby securing the outer extremities of the arms 25 to the pen bar. As the distances between the pivotal centers of the hinge posts 17, and the pivotal centers of the connecting member 30 and.the pen bar 34 are exactly equal, the arms 21 will be maintained parallel, the arms 25 will be parallel, and the pen bar, connecting member, and shaft 15 will be parallel. All the pivot screws are provided with small set screws 36 whereby, when the proper adjustment has been obtained, the pivots may be locked in place. The pen bar 34: is provided with a plurality of slots 37 for the attachmentofthe pen holders.

A pair of arms 38 are fixed t0 the shaft 15 by taper pins 39 and extend therefrom in the opposite direction from the arms 21. The outer extremities of the arms are provided with apertures 39 through which threaded bars 40 pass loosely. Adjusting locked by a nut 57. The

nuts 41 and .42 are provided on the bars 40, above and below the arms respectively, whereby'the bars may be adjusted through the extremities of the arms without rotat ing the same. An internally threaded thirnble l?) is secured to the base by means of a nut a4 located in a recess 45 under thebase. Tubes 46 are screwed intothe thimbles L3 and, when adjusted as required, are locked by jam nuts L7. The lower extremities of the bars 40 are respondingeyes 49 are screwed into the bottom of the thimble B. Helical springs 50 are secured between these eyes and serve to balance the weight of the extended arms,

as will bereadily understood. The tension of the springs may be regulated by means of the nuts a1 and 42, while the dip of the armor elevation of the arms maybe adjusted by screwing the tube 4.6 upwardly or downwardly in the thimble. The lower nut 42 is broad and fiat so as to engage the top of the tube 46 which is very slightly wedge shaped, as seen in Figs. 2 and 4:. The thimbles 43 are secured against turning in the base bypins 51 similar to the pins 14.

The pen holders each comprise a bifurcated member 52 having a threaded shank 58 adapted to extend through the slots 37 in the pen bar. A split pen-gripping member 54 is provided with a tongue 55 which is inserted between the bifurcations of the member 52 and pivoted there by a bolt 56 and pen is secured in the member 5a by means of the well known thumb nut 58. The whole holder is fixed to the pen bar by means of a nut 59 having a washer 60 thereunder to protect the pen bar. The attachment of the master pen comprises a bifurcated member and pengripping member, as described before, said members being connected by a curved bar 61 secured thereto by bolts and nuts. This i curved bar allows ample room for the hand of the writer and permits him to get a firm natural grip of the'master pen62. In the master pen holder the threaded shank 63 is much longer than the corresponding shanks 53 of the duplicating pens 64. A stud 65,

having a threaded shank 66, is provided, the shaft thereof being adapted to extend through the slots of the pen bar and be engaged by a nut 67 which locks the stud firmly at any desired point. The nut 67 is provided with an integral downwardly extending sleeve 68. .The shank 63 extends through the stud 65, which is hollow and through which it is adapted to slide freely, and downwardly through the sleeve .68, and is .threadedon its lower end. A small stiff helical spring 69 islocated on the shank 63 and a washer 70 located at the lower end,

thereof. A nut 71 and jam nut 72 are placed on theend of the shank 63and adjust the tension of the spring 69. A small portion which it is held. formed into eyes 48, and .cor

73 of the threaded end of the shank projects beyond the nuts 71 and 72, and on this portion a needle 7t, having a-hexagonal internally threaded upper portion 75, is screwed for the purpose of adjusting. the

point of the master-pen 62 immediately under its pivotal center, in order that the point of the pen will always remain in the same place independently of the angle at The tension of the spring makes a stiff joint between the members 52 and 65 to prevent the pen from moving more easily than the arms of the device, but allows the angle of the pen to be changed and the pen moved in a horizontal plane with thetravel of the writers hand across the paper. In setting the master. pen, the

joints at each end of the bar 61 are loosened and the pen adjusted so that the point thereof lies immediately under the needle point. The joints are then locked so that the pen is prevented from movement on its pivots in a vertical plane but remains free to move in a horizontal plane having the shank 68 for a pivot. The needle is removed when the setting is accomplished. It is obvious that since the'pen point is immediately under the center of the pens horizontal plane of oscillation that the pen may oscillate on this plane to any extent without damaging the relation of its point to its pivotal center and the remainder of the machine. By this means, the operator may write a word or signature and then changing the angle of the pen, possibly as much as 90, cross a t dot an i or underline a word, without in any way changing the relation be tween the point of the master pen and the duplicating pens, which latter are necessarily rigid in every respect. A

In Figs. 1 and 2, the arcs are indicated through which the master pen 62 and, the duplicatingpens 64 may be adjusted, thus showing that the master pen may be adjusted to the convenience of the writer and the duplicating pens then adjusted accordingly. Wherever hexagonal adjusting nuts are used on the, device, they are of the same size so that all may be loosened or tightened. with a single key wrench. Asmall'post 76 is fixed to the base to prevent the arms coming so far forward as to interfere with the writers hand.

The operation of the device is simple.

signing dividend'or pay roll cheques, or 

